Manufacture

Milling of conical teeth Conical teeth are gear teeth whose tooth profiles follow a conical surface. They are commonly found in components such as bevel gears and bevel worms. Their complex tooth profiles require high machining precision, and milling is one of the primary methods for machining conical teeth. Milling conical teeth requires a dedicated milling machine or a modifiedMore

Bevel gear processing technology Bevel gears are key components for transmitting motion and power between two intersecting shafts. Based on their tooth profile, they can be categorized as spur bevel gears, helical bevel gears, and curved bevel gears. They are widely used in automobiles, machine tools, engineering machinery, and other fields. The manufacturing process for bevel gears is complex, requiringMore

Turning of cast iron bearing seats Cast iron bearing seats are key components used to support bearings in mechanical structures. They are widely used in equipment such as machine tools, motors, and reducers. Their structure typically includes a base, bearing hole, and locating stop. High requirements are placed on the bearing hole’s dimensional accuracy, roundness, cylindricity, and perpendicularity to theMore

Cast iron names, codes and grades Cast iron is an iron-carbon alloy primarily composed of iron, carbon, and silicon, with a carbon content greater than 2.11%. It exhibits excellent casting and machinability, wear resistance, and shock absorption properties, making it widely used in machinery manufacturing, automotive, metallurgy, and chemical industries. Depending on the form of carbon and graphite present inMore

Turning of large diameter outer spherical surface of cast iron Cast iron large-diameter outer spherical surfaces are a special structure in mechanical parts, commonly found in valves, pump bodies, machine tool worktables, and other components. Their function is to achieve rotational motion or sealing fit of the parts, and they place high demands on the roundness, surface roughness, and dimensionalMore

Turning of shaft workpieces Shafts are among the most common components in mechanical products, primarily used to support transmission elements, transmit torque, and bear loads. Examples include machine tool spindles, motor shafts, and reducer shafts. Turning shafts is a fundamental lathe process, and their machining quality directly impacts the assembly precision and performance of mechanical products. Shaft turning typically involvesMore

Calculation of geometric dimensions of straight bevel gears Straight bevel gears are used to transmit motion and power between two intersecting shafts, typically at a 90° angle. They offer smooth transmission and compact design, making them widely used in automotive, machine tool, and construction machinery applications. The tooth profile of straight bevel gears tapers from the large end to theMore

Processing technology of long lead screw Lead screws are essential components for achieving linear motion in mechanical transmissions. They are widely used in machine tool feed mechanisms and precision instrument transmission systems. Their machining quality directly impacts transmission accuracy, stability, and service life. Lead screws are characterized by a large length-to-diameter ratio (generally greater than 20), high thread precision, andMore

Turning eccentric workpieces on a faceplate is an important method for machining complex eccentric structures. It is particularly suitable for workpieces that are difficult to clamp with two centers or have large eccentricities, such as eccentric disks and eccentric sleeves. The faceplate is a circular plate mounted on the lathe spindle. Its surface is decorated with numerous evenly spaced T-slotsMore

Conical surface turning method Conical surfaces are common geometric surfaces found in mechanical parts. They offer tight fit and easy disassembly, making them widely used in applications such as tool tapers, machine tool spindle tapers, and pipe connections. Turning conical surfaces is a crucial process in lathe machining, crucial for ensuring the taper accuracy, surface roughness, and dimensional precision ofMore

Cylindrical worms and worm wheels Cylindrical worms and worm wheels are the core components of worm drives, used to transmit motion and power between intersecting axes, typically at a 90° angle. They feature high transmission ratios, compact construction, and smooth transmission, making them widely used in machine tools, lifting machinery, metallurgical equipment, and other fields. Cylindrical worms can be categorizedMore

Basic dimensions and tolerances of cylindrical internal threads Cylindrical internal threads are key elements in achieving removable connections in mechanical connections. They are widely used in scenarios such as pipe connections and component fixings. Their basic dimensions and tolerances directly determine the reliability and sealing of the connection. The basic dimensions of cylindrical internal threads include major diameter, minor diameter,More

Calculation of geometric dimensions of cylindrical gears Cylindrical gears are one of the most widely used components in mechanical transmissions. Calculating their geometric dimensions is fundamental to gear design and manufacturing, directly impacting their transmission performance, strength, and service life. Cylindrical gear geometric dimensions include module, number of teeth, pressure angle, addendum diameter, root diameter, pitch diameter, tooth pitch, andMore

Non-ferrous and non-metal turning Compared to ferrous metal turning, turning nonferrous and nonmetallic materials has unique processing characteristics and requirements, which are closely related to their physical and mechanical properties. Nonferrous metals such as copper, aluminum, magnesium, and their alloys have good thermal conductivity, high plasticity, and low hardness. Nonmetallic materials such as plastics, rubber, and wood have low hardness,More

Turning eccentric workpieces with two centers Using two centers to turn eccentric workpieces is a commonly used eccentric processing method in mechanical processing. It is particularly suitable for eccentric shaft parts with long lengths and small eccentricity. The characteristic of eccentric workpieces is that the axis of the part does not coincide with the reference axis and there is aMore

Tools for threading and tapping with lathes In lathe machining, threading and tapping are common threading methods, used to produce external and internal threads, respectively. The tools used directly impact the quality and efficiency of thread processing. Threading tools primarily consist of dies and die holders, while tapping tools include taps and tap chucks. These tools each have specific requirementsMore

Factors affecting machining quality and measures to improve quality Machining quality is a key indicator of the performance and reliability of mechanical products, directly impacting their service life, safety, and affordability. Numerous factors influence machining quality, including machining equipment, cutting tools, workpiece materials, cutting parameters, machining processes, and operator skills. These factors interact to determine the machining accuracy and surfaceMore

Form and position errors are important indicators of machining quality for mechanical parts, directly impacting their assembly performance and operational reliability. Form error refers to the deviation between a part’s actual and ideal geometry, such as straightness, flatness, and roundness. Position error, on the other hand, refers to the deviation between the actual and ideal positions of various elements onMore

Processing characteristics of slender shafts Slender shafts, defined as shaft parts with a length-to-diameter ratio greater than 20, are widely used in mechanical manufacturing, such as lead screws in machine tools and connecting rods in internal combustion engines. Their machining characteristics primarily include poor rigidity, easy deformation, and difficulty ensuring precision, presenting numerous challenges. Due to their small diameter andMore

Turning of slender tapered rods Turning slender tapered rods is a challenging machining process. Characterized by a large workpiece length-to-diameter ratio and poor rigidity, these rods are prone to bending and vibration during turning, compromising machining accuracy and surface quality. Slender tapered rods are widely used in machine tool spindles, transmission rods in instrumentation, and other components, requiring high standardsMore

Milling the whole ball Milling whole balls is a process that requires high precision in mechanical processing and is often used to manufacture key components such as bearing steel balls and valve balls. Its core lies in processing the raw materials into spheres with smooth surfaces and precise dimensions through the high-speed rotation of the milling machine tool and theMore

Milled trapezoidal gear clutch Trapezoidal clutches are connecting components that transmit torque through meshing trapezoidal tooth surfaces. Their tooth profile is an isosceles trapezoid, offering high torque transmission, smooth engagement, and easy disassembly. They are widely used in transmission systems for machine tools, automobiles, and construction machinery. The key to milling trapezoidal clutches is ensuring tooth profile accuracy and uniformityMore

Milling constant velocity cylindrical cam A constant velocity cylindrical cam is a curved cam that achieves constant velocity motion in a driven part. Its profile is a constant velocity helix. It is widely used in indexing mechanisms in automatic machine tools, textile machinery, and packaging equipment, ensuring smooth and minimal impact during operation. The key to milling a constant velocityMore

Turning of tin alloys Tin alloys, due to their low melting point, good plasticity, and strong corrosion resistance, are widely used in electronic packaging, medical devices, and precision instruments. However, turning them poses challenges such as deformation and tool sticking, necessitating a tailored process plan. Tin alloys typically have a low hardness (Brinell hardness of 10-30 HB), and cutting forcesMore

Worm turning tool and installation method Worm turning tools are specialized tools used to machine worm gear tooth profiles. Their cutting edge shape must precisely match the worm’s tooth profile. Depending on the worm type, commonly used worm turning tools include Archimedean worm turning tools, involute worm turning tools, and normal straight-flank worm turning tools. The cutting edge of anMore

Turning of copper and its alloys Copper and its alloys are widely used in electronics, aerospace, medical devices, and other fields due to their excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and ease of machining. Turning requires appropriate process measures tailored to the material’s properties. Pure copper (red copper) exhibits extremely high plasticity and toughness, but is prone to built-upMore

Spherical roller bearings feature double-row rollers and a spherical outer ring raceway. Their notable features include self-aligning, ability to withstand heavy radial loads and limited axial loads, and tolerance for a certain angular deviation of the inner ring relative to the outer ring (generally no more than 3°-5°). They are widely used in large rotating machinery such as mining machinery,More

Use friction heat to seal or shape the tube Using frictional heat to seal or form pipes is a highly efficient and energy-efficient process. The principle is to use the heat generated by mechanical friction to locally plasticize the pipe. Then, using a mold or external force, forming effects such as sealing, bending, and reducing the pipe diameter are achieved.More

Indexable turning tools As an important tool in modern metal cutting, indexable turning tools are widely used in various fields of mechanical manufacturing due to their high efficiency, economy and environmental protection. Compared with traditional welded turning tools, the tool body and blade of indexable turning tools are connected by mechanical clamping. The blade can be replaced with a newMore

Cutting parameters for fine turning thin-walled workpieces When finishing thin-walled workpieces, the proper selection of cutting parameters is directly related to machining quality and efficiency. The core of this is to balance the relationship between cutting force, cutting temperature, and workpiece rigidity. Thin-walled workpieces are characterized by poor rigidity and are prone to deformation under cutting force. Therefore, the primaryMore

Angular contact ball bearings Angular contact ball bearings are rolling bearings capable of supporting both radial and axial loads. Their inner and outer ring raceways have a specific axial contact angle (typically 15°, 30°, or 40°). The larger the contact angle, the greater the axial load bearing capacity. These bearings are widely used in high-speed, precision transmission systems such asMore

Methods to reduce crankshaft deformation The crankshaft is a core component of the engine, responsible for converting reciprocating motion into rotational motion. Deformation can lead to increased engine vibration, reduced power, and even premature component failure. Crankshaft deformation primarily manifests as bending (straightness error), torsional deformation, and journal roundness error. Causes include manufacturing defects, heat treatment stress, improper machining processes,More

Performance and Application of Several New Grades of Cemented Carbide Cemented carbide, the “tooth” of modern industry, has a direct impact on cutting efficiency and processing quality due to its performance. In recent years, with the development of new materials technologies, a number of new cemented carbide grades have emerged, achieving breakthroughs in wear resistance, toughness, and high-temperature resistance, meetingMore

Piston rod turning The piston rod is a core component in hydraulic and pneumatic systems, responsible for transmitting force and providing guidance. It is typically made of high-quality carbon steel or alloy structural steel, such as 45 steel and 40Cr. High surface accuracy (surface roughness Ra 0.4-0.8μm), straightness (≤0.05mm/m), and wear resistance are required. The turning process for piston rodsMore

Turning of alloy steel eccentric Alloy steel eccentrics are special-shaped parts with their axis offset from the center of gravity. They are widely used in transmission systems such as crankshafts and cam mechanisms. They are typically made of structural alloy steels such as 40Cr and 42CrMo, which offer high strength, wear resistance, and good hardenability. The key challenge in turningMore

As an efficient non-cutting finishing process, rolling processing relies heavily on the performance of specialized tools. Commonly used tools include rolling wheels, rolling heads, rolling dies, and auxiliary support devices. The structural design, material selection, and precision level of these tools must be customized according to the shape, material, and precision requirements of the processing object to achieve the goalsMore

Tolerances for trapezoidal threads Trapezoidal thread tolerances are crucial technical indicators for ensuring connection and transmission accuracy. These encompass the allowable deviations of parameters such as the major, pitch, and minor diameters of the thread, as well as the thread profile angle and pitch. According to the GB/T 5796.4-2005 standard, trapezoidal thread tolerances are classified into seven grades: 3, 4,More

Diameter of round rod before threading Determining the diameter of the round rod before threading is a key step in ensuring thread quality, directly affecting the thread’s fit and connection strength. Threading is the process of machining external threads on a round rod using a die. Because the die causes plastic deformation of the round rod material during the cuttingMore

Carbon steel deep groove ball bearings Carbon steel deep groove ball bearings are manufactured from carbon structural steel or carbon tool steel. While they offer slightly lower wear resistance and service life than bearings made from high-carbon chromium bearing steel, they offer advantages such as low cost and excellent processability. They are widely used in general-purpose machinery applications where precisionMore

Turning of Titanium Alloy Deep Hole Sleeve Turning titanium alloy deep-hole sleeves is a challenging process in machining. While titanium alloy offers advantages such as high strength, low density, and excellent corrosion resistance, it also suffers from low thermal conductivity, high chemical activity, and a low elastic modulus. These characteristics lead to rapid tool wear, significant machining deformation, and difficultMore

Processing technology of screw and crankshaft As key components in mechanical transmission, the processing technology of lead screws and crankshafts directly affects the transmission accuracy and operational stability of the equipment. The lead screw is the core component that converts rotational motion into linear motion and is widely used in machine tool feed systems, precision workbenches, etc. The crankshaft isMore

Double row cylindrical roller bearings Double-row cylindrical roller bearings are rolling bearings with high load capacity and radial rigidity. Their structure features two parallel raceways on the inner or outer ring, with rollers arranged in double rows. They can simultaneously withstand heavy radial loads and certain axial loads, and are widely used in large machinery such as machine tool spindles,More

Turning deep groove ball bearings Turning deep groove ball bearings is a critical process in bearing manufacturing. As the most widely used rolling bearing, the accuracy of the raceways and end faces of the inner and outer rings of deep groove ball bearings directly impacts the bearing’s rotational accuracy, vibration, noise, and service life. Turning operations must ensure the coaxialityMore

Triangular thread turning method The triangular thread turning method is the most widely used thread processing technology in mechanical manufacturing. Its thread profile is a triangle with a 60° (metric) or 55° (imperial) angle. It features a simple structure, easy processing, and reliable connection. It is widely used in applications such as fixed connections in mechanical equipment and pipe sealing.More

The turning of double-start trapezoidal threads on curved and conical surfaces is a highly challenging process in machining. The threads possess the spatial form of curved or conical surfaces, the symmetrical structure of double-start threads, and the load-bearing characteristics of trapezoidal threads. They are widely used in precision transmission mechanisms, helical pairs of pressure equipment, and other applications. Compared withMore

Cutting amount Cutting parameters collectively refer to the three parameters of cutting during the cutting process: cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. Together, they determine cutting efficiency, tool life, and process quality, and are central to the development of cutting processes. Proper selection of cutting parameters can maximize production efficiency and reduce costs while ensuring quality. Cutting speed,More

Diameter and pitch series of common threads The diameter and pitch series for common threads are fundamental specifications for thread design and processing. They define the basic dimensional parameters of threads and ensure the interchangeability and versatility of threaded connections. Common threads can be divided into connecting threads and transmission threads based on their application, with connecting threads being theMore

Flat thread turning A flat thread is a spiral groove machined into the end face of a cylinder or disc. Its profile is typically triangular, rectangular, or trapezoidal. It is widely used in machine tool feed mechanisms, indexing plates, presses, and other equipment for transmission, positioning, or clamping. Compared to cylindrical threads, flat threads are more challenging to turn becauseMore

Detection of eccentric workpieces Eccentric workpieces are parts whose axis deviates from the reference axis. They are widely used in mechanical transmissions, centrifugal mechanisms, and other fields, such as eccentric shafts, eccentric sleeves, and crankshafts. Testing eccentric workpieces is crucial for ensuring assembly accuracy and performance, primarily involving testing parameters such as eccentricity, parallelism of the eccentric axis, and roundness.More

Disc gear milling cutter Disc gear milling cutters are specialized tools used for milling gear teeth. They are disc-shaped with multiple cutting edges with specific tooth profiles distributed around their circumference. They are suitable for machining various gear types, including spur and helical gears. Depending on the gear module and tooth profile, disc gear milling cutters are categorized as modularMore

Turning of difficult-to-machine cast iron Difficult-to-machine cast iron generally refers to cast iron materials with high hardness, high wear resistance, or high brittleness, such as white cast iron, chilled cast iron, and alloy cast iron. Turning these materials faces numerous challenges, including rapid tool wear, low machining efficiency, and difficulty maintaining surface quality. The hardness of these cast irons oftenMore

Turning of aluminum and aluminum alloys Turning aluminum and aluminum alloys is a vital component of the metalworking industry. Due to their excellent overall performance, aluminum and aluminum alloys are widely used in industries such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and electronic communications. Aluminum and aluminum alloys have a low density (approximately 2.7g/cm³), only one-third that of steel. Parts produced throughMore

Turning threads and threaded fasteners Thread turning is a critical process in the production of threaded fasteners, directly determining the fastener’s connection performance and reliability. Threaded fasteners, including bolts, nuts, and screws, are the most widely used connectors in mechanical equipment. The thread accuracy and surface quality of threaded fasteners, including bolts, nuts, and screws, significantly impact assembly precision, load-bearingMore

Thread turning is a commonly used thread processing method in machining. Through the coordinated movement of the lathe spindle and tool, threads that meet precision requirements are formed on the workpiece surface. The basic principle is to clamp the workpiece on the lathe spindle and rotate it. The tool is fed at a constant speed along the workpiece’s axis, andMore

Roller rolling processing method Roller rolling is a non-cutting machining method that applies pressure to the workpiece surface, causing plastic deformation of the surface metal, thereby improving surface quality and mechanical properties. Widely used in the finishing of shafts, sleeves, and flat parts, it can increase surface hardness (by 20%-50%), reduce surface roughness (up to Ra0.02μm), and enhance fatigue strengthMore

Selection of hob precision Hob accuracy is a core factor affecting gear machining quality, directly related to the gear’s tooth profile accuracy, pitch error, and surface roughness, which in turn affects the smoothness, noise level, and service life of the gear transmission. The selection of hob accuracy grade should be determined based on the gear’s accuracy level, application, and productionMore

Calculation of bottom hole size before tapping Calculating the bottom hole size before tapping is a critical step in ensuring the quality of threaded connections. An oversized bottom hole will result in insufficient thread profile height, reducing connection strength; an undersized bottom hole will increase cutting resistance during tapping, potentially causing tap breakage or workpiece deformation. Determining the bottom holeMore

Turning of high temperature alloy stepped slender shaft High-temperature alloy stepped slender shafts are shaft components designed to operate in high-temperature environments (above 600°C) and feature multiple steps of varying diameters with an aspect ratio exceeding 20. They are widely used in hot-end components such as aircraft engines and gas turbines. Materials primarily include nickel-based superalloys (such as GH4169) andMore

Turning of high-strength steel High-strength steel generally refers to steel with a tensile strength exceeding 600 MPa. This includes low-alloy high-strength steel (such as Q690), ultra-high-strength steel (such as 300M), and precipitation-hardened steel (such as 17-4PH). It is widely used in aerospace, automotive, and engineering machinery applications to achieve lightweight structures and improve load-bearing capacity. However, turning high-strength steel isMore

Steel product brand designation Steel product grades are important identifiers for identifying the composition, properties, and uses of steel materials. my country’s current steel product grade designation system, based on GB/T 221-2008, “Method for Designation of Steel Product Grades,” uses a combination of Chinese phonetic letters, chemical element symbols, and Arabic numerals to intuitively reflect the type, chemical composition, andMore

Turning of Large Diameter Inner Spherical Surface of Steel Large-diameter steel inner spherical surfaces typically refer to concave spherical surfaces with a diameter exceeding 300mm. They are widely used in heavy machinery parts such as pressure vessel heads, valve housings, and large bearing seats. The quality of their machining directly impacts the sealing performance, load-bearing capacity, and service life ofMore

Classification and application of powder metallurgy materials Powder metallurgy materials are metal or composite materials manufactured through processes such as powder preparation, forming, and sintering. They possess characteristics such as uniform composition, controllable structure, and near-net shape. They can produce materials difficult to prepare using traditional casting or forging methods, such as porous materials and refractory metals. Powder metallurgy materialsMore

Multi-thread turning steps and precautions A multi-thread is a thread with two or more helical threads, where the lead is equal to the product of the pitch and the number of threads. It is widely used in applications requiring fast transmission or large lead angles, such as machine tool lead screws and jack screws. Compared to single-thread threads, the turningMore

The influence of chamfer on the theoretical position of the datum plane Chamfering is a common process in machining mechanical parts. It involves creating a chamfered surface at a certain angle at the corners of a part. Its primary function is to remove burrs, facilitate assembly, and protect operators. However, the presence of a chamfer can have a subtle yetMore

Turning of shank spherical surfaces (five methods) A shank-mounted spherical surface refers to a part with a shank on one end and a spherical surface on the other, such as ball studs and valve balls. These parts are widely used in mechanical transmission and fluid control, and require high roundness, surface roughness, and coaxiality between the shank and the sphericalMore

Practical process parameters and tools for turning hardened steel Hardened steel typically refers to steel with a hardness exceeding HRC50, such as bearing steel (GCr15) and die steel (Cr12). This material offers high strength and wear resistance, but also presents significant challenges in turning. The cutting resistance of hardened steel is 2-3 times that of ordinary steel, and cutting temperaturesMore

Turning of pure copper Pure copper (also known as red copper) is a metal material with excellent electrical and thermal conductivity and ductility. It is widely used in electrical components, pipe fittings, and other fields. However, its turning process presents unique challenges. Pure copper has a Brinell hardness of only 35-45HB and an elongation of up to 45%. This makesMore

Tooth thickness upper limit deviation and tolerance The upper limit deviation and tolerance of tooth thickness are important parameters in gear precision design, which directly affect the meshing performance, transmission smoothness and load-bearing capacity of the gear. The upper limit deviation of tooth thickness refers to the difference between the maximum allowable value of tooth thickness and the nominal toothMore

Vibration in turning and its reduction measures Vibration during the turning process is a significant factor affecting machining quality and production efficiency. At the very least, it can cause chatter marks and increased roughness on the workpiece surface. At the worst, it can lead to tool chipping, workpiece failure, and even damage to the machine tool. Turning vibration can beMore

Commonly used cutting parameters for turning slender shafts When turning slender shafts, the choice of cutting parameters directly impacts machining accuracy, surface quality, and production efficiency. Due to their poor rigidity, propensity for vibration, and poor heat dissipation, slender shafts require different cutting parameters than conventional shaft parts. The key is to minimize the effects of cutting forces and heatMore

Cutting parameters for turning aluminum and its alloys Aluminum and its alloys are widely used in aerospace, automotive, and other fields due to their low density, excellent thermal conductivity, and high plasticity. However, the selection of cutting parameters for turning aluminum and its alloys differs significantly from that for steel. Cutting parameters include cutting speed, feed rate, and depth ofMore

Requirements for tool geometry when turning slender shafts Turning slender shafts is a particularly challenging process in machining. These parts typically have an aspect ratio greater than 20. Due to their poor rigidity and susceptibility to bending and deformation, they place special demands on the tool geometry. Tool geometry directly influences the magnitude and distribution of cutting forces, the directionMore

Calculation of gear exchange during thread turning Calculating the interchanging gear during threading is a critical step in lathe thread machining. Its purpose is to match the workpiece’s thread pitch with the lead screw’s pitch by adjusting the transmission ratio between the lathe’s spindle and lead screw, thereby producing threads that meet the requirements. Threading on a lathe is achievedMore

The structure and selection of turning tools A turning tool is the primary tool used for cutting workpieces in lathe machining. Its structure and selection directly impact machining quality, efficiency, and tool life. A turning tool consists of a tool head and a tool shank. The tool head performs the cutting work, while the tool shank mounts the tool onMore

Lathe oil tank Lathe oil grooves are grooves machined into the surfaces of rotating parts such as shafts and sleeves to store lubricating oil. Their purpose is to reduce friction and wear during relative motion, thereby improving mechanical transmission efficiency and service life. Oil grooves are typically rectangular, semicircular, or trapezoidal in shape, with dimensions determined by the part’s operatingMore

The application range of common cemented carbide Cemented carbide is an alloy material made from refractory metal carbides (such as WC and TiC) and a binder (such as Co) through a powder metallurgy process. It features high hardness (HRA85-93), excellent wear resistance, and high-temperature resistance, playing an irreplaceable role in metal cutting, mining, mold manufacturing, and other fields. Commonly usedMore

Common rolling bearings Rolling bearings are essential components in mechanical transmission systems. They achieve relative motion between the shaft and the bearing housing through the rolling of their rolling elements. They feature low friction, low power loss, and high precision, making them widely used in various mechanical equipment, including machine tools, automobiles, and motors. Commonly used rolling bearings are categorizedMore

Commonly used standard tapers and application range A standard taper refers to a conical structure with fixed proportions. Its taper value is the ratio of the cone base diameter to the cone length. In mechanical manufacturing, standardized design achieves the interchangeability and versatility of parts. Commonly used standard tapers include Morse taper, metric taper, Jacob taper, etc. Each taper hasMore

Turning of stainless steel step deep holes Stainless steel step-holes are characterized by a depth-to-diameter ratio exceeding five times, with multiple steps of varying diameters within the hole. Widely used in fields such as petroleum machinery and pressure vessels, their machining quality directly impacts the sealing performance and service life of the equipment. Stainless steels (such as 304 and 316)More

Different surface processing solutions The profile of a mechanical part refers to the surface morphology that constitutes the part’s geometric features. These include planes, cylinders, cones, spheres, threads, and various complex curved surfaces. Machining solutions for different profiles must be comprehensively formulated based on the part’s material, precision requirements, structural characteristics, and production batch size. A sound process plan notMore

Deformed copper alloy nozzles are widely used in fluid control components in aerospace, chemical equipment, and other fields. They possess excellent thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and corrosion resistance, as well as good plastic deformation capabilities. These nozzles are typically complex in structure, often featuring thin-walled, conical or irregular shapes with wall thicknesses of only 1-3mm. The inner bore surface roughnessMore